Argentina honors teachers on Sarmiento’s death anniversary

Each September 11, Argentina commemorates Teacher’s Day in memory of Domingo Faustino Sarmiento, a former president and key figure in establishing the country’s national education system.

Sarmiento founded a school at age 15 in San Luis province and advocated for free, public education for both boys and girls. The date also marks the anniversary of his death in 1888 in Asunción, Paraguay. The celebration originated from a 1943 Panamanian conference of education ministers from across the Americas.

During the conference, attendees honored Sarmiento 55 years after his death and agreed to recognize teachers on September 11 for their dedication to educating young people. Argentina officially adopted this resolution in 1945 under the government of Edelmiro Farrell. During his presidency from 1868 to 1874, Sarmiento founded approximately 800 schools and increased student enrollment from 30,000 to over 100,000. He also initiated the first school census, provided funding for educational institutions, and supported teacher training.

The holiday differs from the Unesco World Teachers’ Day, celebrated on October 5. The day also recognizes the contributions of female teachers who brought education to rural areas, like Ángela Peralta Pino and the Cossettini sisters. While not a national holiday, schools often suspend classes for the occasion.