Pakistan’s Courts Resolve 6% More Cases with AI Assistance

Researchers in Pakistan determined that integrating artificial intelligence into trial courts led to the resolution of 1,848 additional cases annually, a 6.3 percent increase. The study involved a large-scale field trial deploying a customized AI assistant, named JudgeGPT, to 1,559 judges across 118 courts.

JudgeGPT, based on OpenAI’s GPT-4, was beta-tested by the Federal Judicial Academy before implementation. The research found the AI was most effective when combined with targeted training for judges.

Judges who received both AI access and training were more likely to adopt the tool and maintain its use. This training also guided judges toward using the AI for tasks where it excelled, like text improvement, rather than complex legal queries.

The study assessed writing quality and potential biases in judicial opinions, finding little evidence of deterioration or systematic changes. Researchers emphasize AI is intended to support, not replace, judges, and can improve state capacity when paired with appropriate training and relevant legal materials. The National Judicial Policy Making Committee recently issued guidelines for ethical and transparent AI use in judicial institutions.