Giant Anteater Returns to South America After 130 Years

Why this is here: After a century of absence, conservationists have observed giant anteaters outside of the Iberá Wetlands park—a direct result of releasing 110 individuals as part of a rewilding project.

Conservation groups in Latin America are observing the return of the giant anteater, a mammal once believed extinct for 130 years. Recent sightings occurred in Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil, near the Argentina border within the Espinilho State Park. Scientists confirmed the anteater population increased and expanded beyond Brazil’s borders.

Veterinarian Flavia Miranda believes the animals dispersed from Corrientes province, Argentina, and are part of a reintroduction program. In 2007, the government of Corrientes and Rewilding Argentina began a project in the Iberá Wetlands, releasing two anteaters with the goal of population growth. They later released 110 anteaters into the Iberá Wetlands park, resulting in sightings outside the park.

The International Union for Conservation of Nature lists the giant anteater as vulnerable. Habitat loss from fires used in sugarcane production, hunting, and road accidents continue to threaten the species. Further study will reveal the long-term success of this reintroduction effort.