Geisha: Skilled Artists, Not Prostitutes

In Japan, historians and geisha themselves are working to correct a centuries-old misunderstanding of the profession. For generations, Western cultures have mistakenly equated geisha with high-class prostitutes, overlooking their role as skilled entertainers specializing in traditional Japanese music, dance, and conversation.

The term “geisha” literally translates to “art person,” highlighting their dedication to artistic pursuits. Originating in the 17th century, geisha underwent rigorous apprenticeships beginning in childhood, mastering instruments like the shamisen and complex social etiquette.

The confusion arose from historical overlap with oiran, a separate class of courtesans who did offer sexual services. After the oiran disappeared, some women during the post-war American occupation falsely presented themselves as geisha to attract soldiers, further cementing the inaccurate stereotype. Notably, male entertainers known as houkan also existed historically alongside geisha.

Today, few geisha remain, primarily in Kyoto, Kanazawa, and Tokyo, and they continue to preserve this art form. They are increasingly speaking out to reclaim the true meaning of their profession.