Poland’s Hydrogen Bus Lessons

By the end of 2025, Poland had only nine hydrogen refuelling stations compared to 12,543 electric vehicle charging stations, highlighting an imbalance in infrastructure development. Several Polish municipalities, including Wrocław and Płock, are shifting funding from hydrogen to battery-electric buses, signaling a market correction based on operational data. The experience demonstrates that prioritizing direct electrification, supported by grid upgrades and standardized procurement, offers a more effective path to decarbonizing urban transport than relying on hydrogen buses sustained by subsidies.