Brazil’s Favelas Adopt Community Land Trusts

In Brazil, organizers are establishing community land trusts (CLTs) in favelas to secure land tenure for residents and prevent displacement. Historically, unclear land titles have left many Brazilians vulnerable, with over half the population living on land with uncertain ownership as recently as 2017. These CLTs, called “Termo Territorial Coletivo,” focus on collective land governance, building upon existing community networks of self-governance and solidarity.

Unlike U.S. CLTs that often acquire land for development, the Brazilian model prioritizes securing rights for current residents without creating market pressures.

A key challenge was adapting the CLT model to Brazilian law, where traditional trusts do not exist. Advocates have successfully included CLTs in local legislation in six cities, including Rio de Janeiro and Brasilia, and are pursuing a national bill in Congress.

Pilot CLTs in Rio de Janeiro currently benefit over 400 residents. The work continues as organizers map potential applications of the model across the Global South, with the International Center for CLTs actively supporting initiatives in over 20 countries.