Neanderthalers Behandelden Tandpijn

Why this is here: The molar, Chagryskaya 64, exhibits a cavity drilled to the root with markings indicating the use of a stone tool—a technique previously unknown in the archaeological record for this period.

Researchers in Russia discovered evidence that Neanderthals performed dental procedures roughly 59,000 years ago. The team from the Peter the Great Museum of Anthropology and Ethnography examined a molar—designated Chagryskaya 64—unearthed in the Chagryskaya cave in Siberia. They found a deep cavity with markings suggesting it was deliberately drilled with a stone tool.

The scientists replicated the procedure on modern and older Homo sapiens teeth using similar stone tools, confirming its feasibility. This represents the oldest known instance of active dental intervention. The Neanderthal likely experienced significant pain during the procedure, but continued using the tooth afterward.

Researchers note this challenges the perception of Neanderthals as simple people. While they generally had good dental health due to their diet, this finding indicates a complex understanding of pain management.

The study does not reveal the prevalence of this practice among Neanderthals, or if it was a common remedy. Further research continues to illuminate Neanderthal capabilities.